Logarithm Calculator

Compute log_b(x) for any positive base with the change-of-base formula log_b(x) = ln(x) ÷ ln(b) — the full working is shown.

Reviewed by the OmniCalc teamMethod verified 2026-07-01

Result

3

Result log_10(1,000) = 3
Show steps
  1. Change-of-base formula: log_b(x) = ln(x) ÷ ln(b).
  2. Substitute x = 1,000 and b = 10: log_10(1,000) = ln(1,000) ÷ ln(10).
  3. = 6.907755 ÷ 2.302585 = 3.

How to use the logarithm calculator

  1. 1Enter the number (x) — the value you want the logarithm of. It must be greater than zero.
  2. 2Enter the base (b) — any positive number except 1. Leave it at 10 for the common log, or use e for the natural log.
  3. 3Read logb(x), computed instantly by the change-of-base formula.
  4. 4Open Show steps under the result to follow the exact arithmetic.

A logarithm is an exponent in reverse

Where a power asks “what is bⁿ?”, a logarithm runs it backwards: logb(x) asks “to what power must I raise b to get x?” So log₂(8) = 3 because 2³ = 8. That inverse link is why logarithms and exponents are always taught together.

Frequently asked questions

What is a logarithm?

A logarithm answers the question “what power do I raise the base to in order to get this number?” Writing log_b(x) = y means bʸ = x, so log₁₀(1000) = 3 because 10³ = 1000.

What is the change-of-base formula?

Any logarithm can be rewritten with natural logs: log_b(x) = ln(x) ÷ ln(b). This calculator uses it so you can take a log to any positive base, not just 10 or e.

What base should I use?

Base 10, the common log, is the default and is handy for orders of magnitude. Base e ≈ 2.71828 gives the natural log (ln), and base 2 is common in computing. Any positive base other than 1 works.

Why do I get no result for some inputs?

A logarithm is only defined when the number is positive (x > 0) and the base is positive and not 1 (b > 0, b ≠ 1). Zero, negative numbers, or a base of 1 have no logarithm, so the calculator shows a dash.

What is the difference between ln and log?

ln is the natural log, base e; “log” on its own usually means the common log, base 10. Both relate to your custom-base result through the change-of-base formula log_b(x) = ln(x) ÷ ln(b).